Individual tests

This test determines whether or not you have adequate apo A-I levels, diagnosing specific apo A deficiency and helping assess your risk of developing coronary heart disease.
Apolipoprotein B (or Apo B, for short) is a protein that helps carry fat and cholesterol through your body. Your body needs fat and cholesterol to produce hormones and keep cells healthy. As they don't dissolve well in the blood, they may cause plaque buildup in your blood vessels, possibly leading to heart disease.
Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A-1 ratio is an index reflecting the balance between atherogenic lipoprotein particles and anti-atherogenic lipoprotein particles. When this balance is disrupted, atherosclerosis progresses, leading to stroke. Additionally, the ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio is also a strong predictor of cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction, angina, and heart failure, compared to conventional lipid tests like total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol.
Our bones are continually being remodeled in a two-step process: the “breakdown” of bone (resorption) and the replacement of the removed bone (formation). In osteoporosis, the bones are weakened because the breakdown occurs faster than the rebuilding. When bone is resorbed, fragments of the bone collagen are released into the bloodstream. One of these fragments is called “C-telopeptide.” This test helps assess the loss of bone mass in cases of osteoporosis or other bone diseases such as Paget’s disease.
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein produced by the liver. Normally, you have low levels of C-reactive protein in your blood. Your liver releases more CRP into your bloodstream if you have inflammation. High levels of CRP indicate you have a serious health condition that's causing the inflammation.
Inflammation is your immune system's response to injury, infection, and certain cancers. It can also result from blood or immune system disorders. An erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is a blood test that identifies inflammation in your body.
HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol is seen as “good” cholesterol because it helps absorb cholesterol in the blood and carries it back to the liver. The liver then flushes it from the body. High HDL cholesterol levels mean you have a lower risk of heart disease and stroke.
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a protein that helps regulate immune responses, which makes the IL-6 test potentially useful as a marker of immune system activation. This test may be used to help evaluate a person who has a condition associated with inflammation, such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, or with infections like sepsis.
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