Individual tests

The homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) test is a tool used to estimate Insulin resistance from fasting blood Glucose and Insulin concentrations. Insulin resistance is the condition where the body's cells become less responsive to the effects of Insulin.
IGF-1 is a hormone that manages the human growth hormone's (GH) effects. Together, IGF-1 and GH promote the normal growth of bones and tissues. GH levels in the blood fluctuate depending on your diet and activity levels, but IGF-1 levels remain stable. So, an IGF-1 test is useful for determining if your body is making a normal amount of GH. The test helps diagnose growth disorders.
Insulin is a hormone that helps move blood sugar (glucose) from your bloodstream into cells. It plays a crucial role in maintaining glucose levels. An insulin-in-blood test is often used to determine the cause of low blood sugar, diagnose or monitor insulin resistance, find a type of pancreas tumor called insulinoma, or identify when a type 2 diabetic might need to start taking insulin to supplement oral medications.
PTH is a hormone your parathyroid glands make, which helps control the calcium level in your blood. If calcium blood levels are too low, your parathyroid glands will release PTH to raise calcium levels. If calcium levels are too high, these glands will stop making PTH. This test helps diagnose hyperparathyroidism (too much PTH) and hypoparathyroidism (too little PTH), monitor kidney disease, and determine whether high calcium blood levels relate to parathyroid glands.
Luteinizing hormone (LH) is synthesized and secreted by gonadotropes in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland. Along with the follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), it is essential for proper reproductive function. In females, an acute rise of LH triggers ovulation; in males, it stimulates Leydig cell production of testosterone. This test typically finds the cause of infertility or irregular or stopped menstrual periods.
Progesterone is a hormone from the ovaries. During a normal menstrual cycle, progesterone prepares your uterus for pregnancy. This test is useful for those having trouble getting pregnant, undergoing fertility treatment, or experiencing abnormal bleeding when not pregnant.
Prolactin is a pituitary gland hormone that causes the breasts to grow and produce milk. If prolactin levels are higher than normal, it often means there is a type of tumor of the pituitary gland. This test is often used to diagnose a prolactinoma, find the cause of a woman's menstrual irregularities and/or infertility, or determine the reason for a man's low sex drive and/or erectile dysfunction.
SHBG is a protein that attaches to sex hormones in your blood. When the SHBG protein binds to sex hormones, your tissues can't use those hormones. Your tissues can only use free sex hormones that aren't attached to SHBG. The test is most often used to gather information about how testosterone is working in the body.
Testosterone is known as a "male" sex hormone, but females have testosterone in smaller amounts. Testosterone causes body hair, muscle growth, and a deepened voice after puberty in males. It controls sex drive, maintains muscle mass, and helps make sperm. In females, testosterone is important for the growth of bones and muscles. A testosterone levels test may help diagnose early or delayed puberty.
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