Individual tests

This test measures antibodies against streptolysin O, a substance group A streptococcus bacteria produces. A marked rise or a persistently elevated antibody count indicates that a streptococcus infection or post-streptococcal sequelae are present.
Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme that occurs naturally in your muscle cells, while CK-MB mainly occurs in your heart's muscle cells. Damage to heart muscle cells causes CK-MB to leak into your blood. This test helps detect how much CK-MB enzyme is in your blood. If there’s more CK-MB in your blood than there should be, it can be a sign you’ve had a heart attack.
C3 is part of the complement system, a group of nearly 60 proteins that work with your immune system, playing a role in protecting the body from infections and removing dead cells or foreign materials. This blood test is often used to diagnose or monitor autoimmune disorders like lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
The complement system consists of almost 60 proteins that work together to promote immune and inflammatory responses, destroy and remove foreign pathogens like bacteria and viruses, as well as damaged “self” materials (e.g. cells and proteins). C3 and C4 are the most frequently measured complement proteins. These tests measure the amount or activity of complement C4 in the blood.
Creatine Kinase is an enzyme found in heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. This test detects muscle inflammation or damage due to muscle disorders.
Anti-CCP are autoantibodies your immune system produces. Autoantibodies can cause disease by attacking the body's healthy cells by mistake. Anti-CCP attacks healthy tissues in the joints, which can cause pain, swelling, and stiffness. If CCP antibodies are present in your blood, it can be a sign of rheumatoid arthritis. Anti-CCP and another test, called an RF test, are usually done to diagnose rheumatoid arthritis.
D-dimer is a protein fragment produced when a blood clot dissolves in your body. Blood clots prevent you from losing too much blood when injured. Normally, your body will dissolve the clot once your injury heals. With a clotting disorder, clots form when you aren't injured or don't dissolve when they should. These conditions are serious and potentially life-threatening. A D-dimer test can show if you have one of these conditions.
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