. Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies (Anti-Tg) are antibodies directed against thyroglobulin, a protein produced by the thyroid gland.
. Anti-Tg is often associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases, particularly Hashimoto’s thyroiditis leading to hypothyroidism. Although anti-TPO antibodies are not the primary diagnostic marker for Graves' disease (which is more commonly diagnosed with TSI), they can be elevated in some cases, especially in patients with a coexisting autoimmune thyroiditis or those with longstanding Graves' disease. It may also be elevated in thyroid cancer, and used to monitor for recurrence after treatment.
. Anti-Tg can also be present in non-thyroid conditions e.g., other autoimmune diseases (Rheumatoid arthritis), pernicious anaemia and Type I Diabetes.