Individual tests

Antibodies are immune system proteins that fight foreign substances like viruses and bacteria. Sometimes antibodies attack the body's cells, tissues, and organs by mistake, known as an autoimmune response. When thyroid antibodies attack healthy thyroid cells, it can lead to Hashimoto's or autoimmune thyroiditis. This test measures the level of thyroid antibodies in your blood.
TSH stands for thyroid stimulating hormone. The thyroid is a small gland in the front of your neck, controlled by the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland makes TSH to control the production of thyroid hormones. When the thyroid hormone levels in your blood are too low, your pituitary gland produces larger amounts of TSH to tell your thyroid to work harder.
The TRAb or TSH receptor antibody measures the ability of antibodies to inhibit TSH binding to their receptor. TSH is a pituitary gland hormone that stimulates the thyroid hormone's release into the blood. Measurement of TRAb is used to diagnose and manage Graves' disease, neonatal hypothyroidism, and postpartum thyroid dysfunction.
TSIs are antibodies that tell the thyroid gland to release excess amounts of thyroid hormone into the blood. High levels of TSI in the blood can indicate Graves’ disease. This autoimmune disease affects the thyroid gland and causes hyperthyroidism (an excess of thyroid hormone leading to several abnormal metabolisms in your body).
Urea nitrogen is the chief nitrogenous end product of the metabolic breakdown of proteins in your body. It is a waste product that your kidneys remove from your blood. A higher urea level than normal may indicate a kidney problem
Uric acid is a chemical created when the body breaks down substances called purines. Purines are a product of protein transformation in your body. Elevated uric acid levels in your blood may lead to gout.
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