Key Pregnancy Health Concerns
Certain genetic disorders or birth defects can significantly impact fetal development, affecting both physical and intellectual growth. Early screening and detection allow parents and healthcare providers to prepare more effectively and determine whether medical intervention is necessary before or after birth. This also enables the family and medical team to establish an appropriate postnatal care plan if the fetus is diagnosed with a genetic disorder or congenital abnormality.
Note: The recommended timing of tests is for reference only. Tests will be scheduled based on individual health status and pregnancy conditions, as directed by an obstetrician.
When to test: From the 9th week of pregnancy.
This is a non-invasive blood test that analyzes fetal DNA in the mother's blood to detect chromosomal abnormalities. NIPT is completely safe, offers up to 99.9% accuracy and provides the broadest range for detecting genetic abnormalities in the fetus.
Congenital abnormalities that can be identified through NIPT include Patau syndrome, Edwards syndrome, Down syndrome, Turner syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, DiGeorge syndrome, Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, etc.
During pregnancy, women may face health issues that not only affect their overall well-being but also pose risks for the fetus. These issues can hinder the comprehensive physical and cognitive development of the baby in the womb.
Expectant mothers should undergo tests to detect any internal abnormalities early. This enables accurate diagnosis and timely intervention by healthcare providers, helping prevent risks and ensuring a healthy pregnancy.
Note: The recommended timing of tests is for reference only. Tests will be scheduled based on individual health status and pregnancy conditions, as directed by an obstetrician.
When to test: First prenatal visit.
The first trimester is crucial as it sets the foundation for the initial development of the fetus. Testing during this period aims to detect potential risks early, such as liver, kidney, cardiovascular issues, as well as assess blood type and Rh factor, identify risks for diabetes, high blood pressure or infections.
The test results provide essential information for mothers and healthcare providers to establish appropriate care and any necessary medical interventions, ensuring the health and safety of both mother and baby throughout the pregnancy.
When to test: From the 20th week of pregnancy.
Preeclampsia is a dangerous pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and protein in the urine, beginning from the 20th week of pregnancy. This test is essential for monitoring and reducing the risk of preeclampsia, allowing timely medical intervention to protect the health and safety of both mother and baby throughout pregnancy.
When to test: First prenatal visit.
This test group is designed to assess the function of critical organs, including the heart, liver, kidneys and thyroid. Dysfunction in these organs can severely impact maternal health and lead to complications for the fetus. Therefore, screening is essential to ensure a healthy pregnancy and prevent serious complications, such as preeclampsia, miscarriage or preterm birth.
When to test: First prenatal visit.
This test is essential to ensure a stable and healthy pregnancy. Key hormones, such as progesterone, estradiol, and prolactin, play vital roles in protecting the uterine lining, sustaining pregnancy and supporting fetal development. Timely hormone testing and monitoring help guide appropriate care and medical interventions, ensuring the pregnancy progresses smoothly and safely.
Recommended testing time: First prenatal visit.
This test is crucial for determining the ABO blood group and detecting Rh incompatibility between the mother and fetus. Rh incompatibility can lead to a serious condition called hemolytic disease of the newborn, potentially causing miscarriage, preterm birth or brain damage in the fetus.
Blood group testing helps protect the fetus from severe complications and ensures safety throughout the pregnancy as well as future pregnancies.
Hepatitis B, HIV, syphilis, Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella and Cytomegalovirus are common infections that can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy or childbirth. These infections may show no clear symptoms in the mother but can increase the risk of preterm birth, miscarriage, or lead to severe birth defects in the newborn.
Additionally, urinary tract infections (UTIs) are another concern during pregnancy. If left untreated, prolonged UTIs can cause serious complications for both mother and baby.
Therefore, early detection of pregnancy infections is essential for timely medical intervention and effective prevention of potential complications.
Note: The recommended timing of tests is for reference only. Tests will be scheduled based on individual health status and pregnancy conditions, as directed by an obstetrician.
When to test: First prenatal visit.
STDs Panel enables early detection of sexually transmitted infections such as HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea, genital warts, and chlamydia. These infections can be transmitted from mother to child, leading to serious complications and significantly impacting the health of both mother and baby.
When to test: First prenatal visit.
Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are common hepatitis infections that can be transmitted from mother to child. These essential tests help screen for hepatitis risk and other liver-related conditions in the newborn. In cases of severe infection, the mother may need additional quantitative testing to support treatment.
When to test: First prenatal visit.
Hormonal changes during pregnancy or bacterial factors can lead to urinary tract infections (UTIs) in pregnant women. If untreated, prolonged infections may increase the risk of kidney inflammation or preterm birth, affecting both maternal and fetal health. Therefore, pregnant women should undergo urinalysis to detect early signs of infection, even in the absence of clear symptoms.
When to test: From the 32nd to 37th week of pregnancy.
Testing period: Between 32 and 37 weeks of pregnancy. Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a bacterium commonly found in the rectum and vagina of pregnant women. If a mother is infected, GBS can be transmitted to the baby during pregnancy or delivery, potentially causing serious infections in newborns. GBS infection can lead to severe complications for the baby, such as pneumonia, meningitis and sepsis, particularly within the first weeks of life.
GBS testing is essential for early detection, allowing timely medical intervention to treat the infection and ensure the health and safety of both mother and child.
Diabetes, congenital heart disease, lipid disorders, thalassemia and autoimmune diseases are chronic conditions with genetic factors, meaning if the mother has these conditions, the child is at higher risk. These chronic conditions not only impact the mother's overall health but also pose serious pregnancy complications for both mother and child if untreated.
Screening for chronic diseases with genetic factors enables early detection. These essential tests help plan specialized care and treatment during pregnancy, ensuring the mother's health and supporting the comprehensive development of the fetus.
Note: The recommended timing of tests is for reference only. Tests will be scheduled based on individual health status and pregnancy conditions, as directed by an obstetrician.
When to test: From the 24th to 28th week of pregnancy.
This crucial panel includes oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), blood and urine analyses for the early detection of gestational diabetes. This type of diabetes occurs during pregnancy and can adversely affect the health of both mother and baby, increasing the risk of type 2 diabetes in both after childbirth. Therefore, testing is essential for monitoring and timely treatment if necessary.
When to test: First prenatal visit.
This test is essential for pregnant women, as the heart and circulatory system must work harder than usual to supply adequate blood and nutrients to the fetus. This increased demand can lead to cardiovascular issues, especially in women with a history of heart disease, hypertension, or risk factors such as obesity, diabetes and advanced age.
Cardiovascular tests, including lipid profiles and markers such as hs-Troponin and Homocysteine, are aimed at monitoring maternal heart health and the risk of preeclampsia. They also help prevent chronic complications in the baby, such as congenital heart disease.
ANA Test
When to test: First prenatal visit.
This test detects antinuclear antibodies (ANA) that attack the body’s own cell nuclei, aiding in the diagnosis of autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and antiphospholipid syndrome.
While ANA antibodies may not directly impact pregnancy outcomes, underlying autoimmune conditions can significantly affect maternal health and the success of pregnancy.
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