. Vitamin B12 is a water-soluble vitamin essential for red blood cell production, DNA synthesis, and proper nervous system function.
. This test is primarily used to diagnose vitamin B12 deficiency, which can lead to megaloblastic anemia and neurological problems (such as numbness, weakness, and memory issues).
. The test is also essential for diagnosing pernicious anemia, an autoimmune condition where the body cannot absorb B12 due to a lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach.
. It is used also to monitor individuals with malabsorption disorders (e.g., Crohn’s disease, celiac disease), track patients who are on medications that affect B12 absorption, and monitor the effectiveness of vitamin B12 supplementation or treatment.
. Furthermore, since vitamin B12 plays a role in homocysteine metabolism, the test can help assess the risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with elevated homocysteine levels.