hs Troponin I

Creatine kinase (CK) is an enzyme that occurs naturally in your muscle cells, while CK-MB mainly occurs in your heart’s muscle cells. Damage to heart muscle cells causes CK-MB to leak into your blood. This test helps detect how much CK-MB enzyme is in your blood. If there’s more CK-MB in your blood than there should be, it can be a sign you’ve had a heart attack.

Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) is an enzyme which plays an important role in making your body’s energy. It is found in almost all the body’s tissue, including those in the blood, heart, kidneys, brain, and lungs. When these tissues are damaged, they release LDH into the bloodstream or other body fluids. If your LDH blood or fluid levels are high, it may mean certain tissues in your body have been damaged by disease or injury.

. High-sensitivite Cardia Troponin T is protein released into the blood when the heart muscle is damaged, making it a highly sensitive biomarker used to detect heart muscle injury, particularly in the context of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), such as heart attacks (myocardial infarction) and unstable angina and assessing the severity of heart damage. The test is essential not only for diagnosing heart attacks but also for monitoring recovery and guiding ongoing care.
. It is also used for risk stratification in patients with suspected ACS, helping clinicians make informed decisions about treatment.
. In addition, elevated levels may be seen in conditions like heart failure, myocarditis, or pulmonary embolism, providing insights into the extent of cardiac injury.

High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) test is a blood test that measures the level of CRP, a protein produced by the liver, that increases in response to inflammation in the body. The “high sensitivity” aspect of this test allows it to detect lower levels of CRP, making it particularly useful for assessing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Elevated hs-CRP levels are associated with an increased risk for heart attacks and strokes, even when other risk factors may not be present. This test is often used in combination with other markers to evaluate an individual’s overall risk for cardiovascular diseases. It serves as a helpful tool for proactive heart health management.

. D-dimer is a small protein fragment that is formed when a blood clot is broken down in the body. Blood clots help limit blood loss when the body is injured. Normally, blood clots are broken down after the injury heals. In abnormal conditions, blood clots form even when there is no injury, or are not broken down afterwards.
. Positive tests are seen in thrombosis and many other situations including DIC, after surgery, trauma, infection, malignancy, pregnancy, atherosclerosis, and in the elderly.