Tg

. Anti-Thyroglobulin Antibodies (Anti-Tg) are antibodies directed against thyroglobulin, a protein produced by the thyroid gland.
. Anti-Tg is often associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases, particularly Hashimoto’s thyroiditis leading to hypothyroidism. Although anti-TPO antibodies are not the primary diagnostic marker for Graves’ disease (which is more commonly diagnosed with TSI), they can be elevated in some cases, especially in patients with a coexisting autoimmune thyroiditis or those with longstanding Graves’ disease. It may also be elevated in thyroid cancer, and used to monitor for recurrence after treatment.
. Anti-Tg can also be present in non-thyroid conditions e.g., other autoimmune diseases (Rheumatoid arthritis), pernicious anaemia and Type I Diabetes.

. TT4 is used to evaluate the function of the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism, energy production, and overall growth and development.
. TT4 measures the total amount of T4 hormone in the blood, including both bound and free forms. levels can fluctuate with physiological and pathological changes in TBG concentration.
. TT4, along with other TFT, is used to diagnose thyroid dysfunction (e.g., hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism), to monitor treatment for thyroid disorders (especially in those taking thyroid hormone replacement or anti-thyroid medications), to evaluate conditions such as Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, or thyroid nodules, and to detect non-thyroidal illness (conditions affecting thyroid hormone levels independently of thyroid function).

. FT3 is used to evaluate the function of the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism, energy production, and overall growth and development.
. FT3 measures the unbound, active form of T3. The FT3 is the form that the body uses directly to regulate various physiological processes.
. FT3, along with other TFT, is used to diagnose thyroid dysfunction (e.g., hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism), to monitor treatment for thyroid disorders (especially in those taking thyroid hormone replacement or anti-thyroid medications), to evaluate conditions such as Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, or thyroid nodules, and to detect non-thyroidal illness (conditions affecting thyroid hormone levels independently of thyroid function).

. FT4 is used to evaluate the function of the thyroid gland, which regulates metabolism, energy production, and overall growth and development.
. FT4 measures the unbound, active form of T4. The FT4 is the form that the body uses directly to regulate various physiological processes.
. FT4, along with other TFT, is used to diagnose thyroid dysfunction (e.g., hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism), to monitor treatment for thyroid disorders (especially in those taking thyroid hormone replacement or anti-thyroid medications), to evaluate conditions such as Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, or thyroid nodules, and to detect non-thyroidal illness (conditions affecting thyroid hormone levels independently of thyroid function).

. Anti-Thyroid Peroxidaes Antibodies (Anti-TPO) are antibodies directed against thyroid peroxidase (TPO), an enzyme involved in the production of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland.
. Anti-TPO is often associated with autoimmune thyroid diseases, particularly Hashimoto’s thyroiditis leading to hypothyroidism. Although anti-TPO antibodies are not the primary diagnostic marker for Graves’ disease (which is more commonly diagnosed with TSI), they can be elevated in some cases, especially in patients with a coexisting autoimmune thyroiditis or those with longstanding Graves’ disease.
. Anti-TPO can also be present in non-thyroid conditions e.g., other autoimmune diseases (Rheumatoid arthritis), Addison’s disease and Type I Diabetes.