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19001717 . Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) is a highly contagious viral infection that affects the liver.
. HAV is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often via contaminated food or water or close contact with an infected person. Poor sanitation and hygiene are common risk factors.
. Symptoms may include fever, fatigue, nausea, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, dark urine, jaundice, and normal/pale stools. While the infection is usually self-limiting, it can sometimes lead to severe complications, especially in older adults or those with underlying liver disease.
. HAV IgM antibodies indicate an acute or recent infection, as they appear early during the infection and usually disappear within 3–6 months.
. HAV IgG antibodies indicate past infection or immunity, from prior exposure or vaccination. IgG antibodies typically remain present for life, providing long-term protection against reinfection.
