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19001717 . Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common viral infection. Most infections are asymptomatic but can cause serious complications in immunocompromised individuals and during pregnancy.
. It is transmitted through direct contact with body fluids that contain the virus e.g., saliva, urine, tears, sexual contact, from mother to baby during pregnancy, delivery, and breastfeeding, or through transplanted organs and blood transfusions.
. Symptoms of CMV infection may include fever, fatigue, swollen glands (Lymphadenopathy), and muscle aches. In severe cases, it can lead to complications such as pneumonia, hepatitis, or neurological disorders, particularly in people with weakened immune systems.
. CMV IgM antibodies indicate a recent infection (primary, reactivation, or reinfection), while CMV IgG antibodies indicate past or recent infection.
. Testing for both IgM and IgG is particularly important for assessing risk in pregnant women and immunocompromised patients.
. A substantial rise in CMV IgG concentrations in sequential
samples accompanied by the presence of CMV IgM could indicate serological evidence of active infection.
