CEA

The CA 19-9 test is a blood test used to monitor pancreatic and gastrointestinal cancers. CA 19-9 is a type of protein produced by cancer cells. This test is often used to monitor the progression of cancer after treatment or to detect early recurrence. High levels of CA 19-9 may be a sign of pancreatic cancer, colorectal cancer, stomach cancer, or other gastrointestinal diseases. However, this test is not used to diagnose cancer because CA 19-9 levels can also be elevated in some other benign conditions.

. Total PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) is a protein produced by the prostate gland.
. It can aid in identifying individuals at risk of prostate cancer, especially in those with symptoms or those undergoing routine screening (e.g., men over 50), when used alongside other tests eg., digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate biopsy, and imaging e.g., ultrasound and MRI). It may also be elevated in benign conditions like BPH or prostatitis.
. Free PSA refers to the unbound form of PSA in the bloodstream, and its levels can also be measured in conjunction with total PSA to help evaluate the likelihood of prostate cancer.
. The free PSA/total PSA ratio is particularly useful in the diagnostic workup of prostate cancer, especially in men with total PSA levels between 4 and 10 ng/mL, where the risk of cancer is uncertain. A lower ratio may suggest a higher risk of prostate cancer, whereas a higher ratio is more suggestive of benign prostatic conditions like BPH.
. In cancers, this tumor marker is used as an aid in monitoring the recurrence/progression and in assessing the response to therapy.
Note: Total and Free PSA levels can vary between different manufacturers due to differences in assay methods and reagent specificity. Results obtained from different manufacturers cannot be used interchangeably.

Detect 17 genes related to 15 inherited cancers including: BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, PTEN, TP53, CDH1, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM, APC, MUTYH, STK11, VHL, RB1, RET.

. Total PSA (Prostate-Specific Antigen) is a protein produced by the prostate gland.
. It can aid in identifying individuals at risk of prostate cancer, especially in those with symptoms or those undergoing routine screening (e.g., men over 50), when used alongside other tests eg., digital rectal examination (DRE), prostate biopsy, and imaging e.g., ultrasound and MRI). It may also be elevated in benign conditions like BPH or prostatitis.
. Free PSA refers to the unbound form of PSA in the bloodstream, and its levels can also be measured in conjunction with total PSA to help evaluate the likelihood of prostate cancer.
. The free PSA/total PSA ratio is particularly useful in the diagnostic workup of prostate cancer, especially in men with total PSA levels between 4 and 10 ng/mL, where the risk of cancer is uncertain. A lower ratio may suggest a higher risk of prostate cancer, whereas a higher ratio is more suggestive of benign prostatic conditions like BPH.
. In cancers, this tumor marker is used as an aid in monitoring the recurrence/progression and in assessing the response to therapy.
Note: Total and Free PSA levels can vary between different manufacturers due to differences in assay methods and reagent specificity. Results obtained from different manufacturers cannot be used interchangeably.

The BRCA1, 2 test is a genetic test used to detect mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. These genes play an important role in suppressing tumor growth. When there are mutations in these genes, the risk of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, and several other types of cancer increases. This test is usually indicated for people with a family history of breast cancer, ovarian cancer, or cancers related to the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The test results will help the doctor assess cancer risk and provide appropriate prevention or treatment methods.