Infectious/ Contagious diseases

HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It weakens a person’s immune system by destroying important cells that fight disease and infection. There is currently no effective cure for HIV. However, with proper medical care, the condition can be controlled. When people with HIV do not get treatment, they typically progress through three stages. Stage 1, the most contagious phase, involves acute infection with flu-like symptoms. Stage 2 is a chronic infection with no symptoms, but HIV is still transmissible at this stage. Stage 3 is Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), the most severe stage of HIV infection, with an increasing number of opportunistic infections or other serious illnesses.
Quantitative HIV-1 RNA is a quantitative test for RNA of the human immunodeficiency virus, belonging to the HIV-1 group. Quantitative HIV-1 RNA aids in diagnosis, treatment monitoring, disease prognosis and assessment of treatment response to antiretroviral drugs by measuring qualitative HIV-1 RNA in plasma.
The urea breath test can aid in diagnosing H.pylori infection - a peptic ulcer pathogen. The test can also be used to assess therapy when administered more than a month after the completion of therapy.
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 often causes oral herpes, while HSV-2 usually causes genital diseases. Most people with genital herpes are symptomless or have very mild symptoms. A positive result for Herpes simplex virus IgG indicates past, current, or chronic infections, while positive IgM antibodies show recent infection.
Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) or type 2 (HSV-2). HSV-1 often causes oral herpes while HSV-2 usually cause genital diseases. Most people with genital herpes have no symptoms or have very mild symptoms. Clinical manifestations of genital herpes differ between the first and recurrent outbreaks. A positive result of Herpes simplex virus IgG indicates past, current, or chronic infections while positive IgM antibodies show recent infection.
IGRAs measure a person’s immune reactivity to M. tuberculosis. White blood cells from most persons infected with M. tuberculosis will release interferon-gamma (IFN-g) when mixed with antigens (substances that can produce an immune response) from M. tuberculosis.
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